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Funghi diseases
Venturia
Characteristics:
This is the most serious disease of the apple, also attacking the pear, medlar and many flowering and ornamental plants such as roses, quince, hawthorn and pyracantha.
Symptoms:
In the apple, it affects the leaves, flowers and fruits, producing brown marks that then become dry, and can cause splitting in the fruits. The most critical period goes from the flowering through to the time at which the fruit measures about the size of a walnut, when it rains. For the medlar too, venturia is the most feared enemy. It attacks the leaves and young branches, forming brownish notches that evolve into small cancers. The leaves affected generally fall. On the rose, the symptoms usually appear in the summer and autumn months, with rounded marks on the leaves of a brown-blackish colour, that subsequently take on a velvety appearance. In serious attacks, roses lose their leaves early, with negative consequences on the plant's health and flowering.
Defence:
The first line of defence consists of eliminating possible sources of infection. It is therefore good practise to prune infected branches and remove any leaves and fruits that have fallen to the ground, ensuring that you destroy all material collected. Chemical treatment is preventative and copper based. Copper is repeated at regular intervals.
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